Balgan-Buachrach – literally, means "manure bubble", in English this kind of mushroom is called Ascaria mushroom.

Thistle – is the emblem of Scotland, has great symbolic significance for representatives of this culture. In truth, no one knows for certain how the purple-flowered thistle rose to such lofty significance. But one legend has it a sleeping party of Scots warriors were saved from ambush by an invading Norse army when one of the enemies trod on the spiky plant.
His anguished cry roused the slumbering warriors who duly vanquished the invader and adopted the thistle as their national symbol. It occurs in English as well.

Heather - This word can be found in English as well, but it should be noted that heather is an important element of the Scottish national culture. It is often mentioned in folklore, for example, in the Scottish legend of the Heather Ale. By the way, the brewing of Scotland's Heather Ale goes back thousands of years, and is thought to be one of the oldest types of ale in the world. This brew was immortalized in the poem entitled Heather Ale by Robert Louis Stevenson.

There is a large number of everyday realias in the novel.

Bannock - a round, flat, thickish cake of oatmeal, barley, pease or flour, baked on a girdle. The word can be used metaphorically; it is possibly from Gaelic bannoch, cf. Latin panicium 'bread'. At the end of the eighteenth century, it is recorded that such 'thin, flaccid cakes' were 'the ordinary bread of the gentry or lairds' in Perthshire.

Bothy - primitive dwelling or shelter. The form is probably from the same origin as English booth, cf. Germanic bu- 'to dwell'. Such shelters were commonly occupied by country-folk on field-duty, e.g. shepherds. Thomas Pennant, touring Scotland at the end of the eighteenth century, refers to the Bothay as 'a dairy-house, where the Highland shepherds, or graziers, live during summer with their herds and flocks, and during that season make butter and cheese'. Common bothy-food at the end of the nineteenth century was brose (see below). The term bothy is often used to refer to a hillwalkers' shelter, as witnessed by the Mountain Bothies Association.

Braw: fine, splendid, worthy, handsome; related to brave. Robert Burns in 'The Cottar's Saturday Night' refers to how 'Their eldest hope, their Jenny, woman-grown', comes home to show off her 'braw new gown'.

Broch: Possibly Pictish, but cf. Old Norse borg, Old English burh, Present Day English burgh, borough, and in Older Scots broch commonly refers to a town. The term seems to have entered Scots with its primary current meaning, viz. primarily a prehistoric structure, consisting of round tower with inner and outer walls of stone and generally found in the northern isles and nearby mainland, at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Patrick Neill, another tourist in the Highlands and Islands, refers in 1806 to how 'We viewed the Pechts' Brough, or little circular fort, which has given name to the place. It is nearly of the same dimensions and construction with the many other broughs or pechts-forts in Shetland. […] These broughs seem to have been calculated to communicate by signals with each other; the site of one being uniformly seen from that of some other.'

Brose pudding: brose is a dish made by mixing water or milk with oatmeal or peasemeal, and adding salt or butter, often eaten in a bothy (see above). George Douglas Brown, in The House with the Green Shutters (1901), makes one of his characters insult another by calling him a brose: '"He's a lying brose, that," said the baker.'

Cockernonny - a high coiffure, generally applied to females; the term is occasionally extended to include a gathering of hair tied in a ribbon or cap with a starched crown. Can be used metaphorically for a tottering haystack. The first element seems to derive from the verb cocker, meaning 'to rock or walk unsteadily', which seems very plausible. This is a national-specific element of culture, so there is no equivalent in English.

Dirk: a short dagger worn in the belt by Highlanders. James Hogg refers to how, in the seventeenth century, Highland soldiers each had 'a sword an' a gun, a knapsack an' a durk'. The term was also extended to mean a sort of clasp-knife.

Kilt – is a knee-length non-bifurcated skirt-type garment with pleats at the rear, originating in the traditional dress of men and boys in the Scottish Highlands of the 16th century. Since the 19th century, it has become associated with the wider culture of Scotland, or with Celtic (and more specifically Gaelic) heritage even more broadly. It is most often made of woollen cloth in a tartan pattern.

Sassenach: English-speaking person, formerly applied to Lowlanders but later applied to Englishmen or women. The form derives from Gaelic sasunnach 'Saxon'. When Jamie calls Claire a Sassenach, he is drawing attention to the fact that she is English and a foreigner. He means it as an endearment, but this is not always the case, as Maggie Scott explains in an earlier column for The Bottle Imp.

Sporran - pouch, specifically of leather, and with the dirk (see above) a traditional item of highland dress. The form is from Gaelic sporan. A traveller in 1752 described the appearance of a Highlander as follows: 'This Weapon [dirk] hangs before in a Scabbard along with a Knife and Fork, and a Purse for their Money, which they term a Sparren.'

Stramash - uproar, commotion, hubbub. The word has a wide currency in Scots; the famous nineteenth-century newspaper columnist W.D.Latto ('Tammas Bodkin') offers the following citation in DSL from 1864: 'There arose a stramash doon stairs fiercer than ordinary.'

Tinchel - hunting term in origin, meaning a ring of hunters or beaters who surround a chosen area and gradually close in to catch their quarry; the form can be extended to refer to a pack of animals. John Taylor, the English self-styled 'Water Poet' who visited Scotland in 1618, describes the process as follows: [The manner of hunting is this […] [the hunters] doe lie down on the ground till those foresaid scouts which are called the tinckhell doe bring down the deer but as the proverb says of a bad cooke so these tinckhell men doe lick their own fingers; […]' The word derives from Gaelic timchoill.

Wean - child, especially before its teens: a blended form of wee + ane 'wee one', and in some parts of Scotland the blend is not complete. Allan Ramsay in 1725 has the following line: 'Troth, my Niece is a right dainty we'an. ' The apostrophe — which may of course be the printer's intervention — suggests that the blend was not yet complete.

Wee folk - people of the lowest ranks in society, but generally extended to refer to supernatural beings such as fairies, goblins etc. A study of 1986 refers to how, in Dundee, 'In many places circles of blue caum [pipeclay] were drawn on doorsteps to keep the "wee folk" away.'

Jig – is a form of lively folk dance in compound metre, as well as the accompanying dance tune.
During the seventeenth century the dance was adopted in Ireland and Scotland, where it was widely adapted, and the jig is now most often associated with these countries.

Reel – is a folk dance type as well as the accompanying dance tune type. In Scottish country dancing, the reel is one of the four traditional dances, the others being the jig, the strathspey and the waltz, and is also the name of a dance figure.

Strathspey – is a type of dance tune. It is similar to a hornpipe but slower and more stately, and contains many dot-cut 'snaps'. A so-called Scotch snap is a short note before a dotted note, which in traditional playing is generally exaggerated rhythmically for musical expression. The dance is named after the Strathspey region of Scotland,

Bagpipes-Bagpipes are a wind instrument using enclosed reeds fed from a constant reservoir of air in the form of a bag. Scottish Great Highland bagpipes are the best known in the Anglophone world.

The Dowie Dens of Yarrow – also known as "The Braes of Yarrow" or simply "Yarrow", is a Scottish border ballad (Child 214, Roud 13). It exists in many variants (Child collected at least 18) and it has been printed as a broadside, as well as published in song collections. It is considered to be a folk standard, and many different singers have performed and recorded it.

Gaberlunzie - a licensed beggar.

Kailyard - a small plot of land or kitchen garden. Named so because kale, or cabbage, was usually the main vegetable grown there.

Balnain - is a small village in Glenurquhart, Scotland, about 5 miles west of Drumnadrochit. It is mostly dependent on tourism, forestry and farming. The first buildings were created in the 1880s and minor expansions occurred in the 1900s and 1960s.

Bargrennan - is a village in Dumfries and Galloway, in the south west of Scotland. It is located 9 miles northwest of Newton Stewart by the River Cree and on the A714 road to Girvan. The Southern Upland Way runs through the village and the Glentrool Forest, managed by the Forestry Commission, is to the north-east of the village.

Inverness -is a city in the Scottish Highlands. It is the administrative centre for the Highland council area,^[2] and is regarded as the capital of the Highlands. Inverness lies near two important battle sites: the 11th-century battle of Blàr nam Fèinne against Norway which took place on The Aird and the 18th-century Battle of Culloden which took place on Culloden Moor.

Culloden –is the name of a village three miles east of Inverness, Scotlandand the surrounding area. Three miles south of the village is Drumossie Moor (often called Culloden Moor), site of the Battle of Culloden in1745.

Edinburgh – is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 council areas. It is located in Lothian on the Firth of Forth's southern shore. Recognised as the capital of Scotland since at least the 15th century, Edinburgh is home to the Scottish Parliament and the seat of the monarchy in Scotland. Historically part of Midlothian, the city has long been a centre of education, particularly in the fields of medicine, Scots law, literature, the sciences and engineering.

Falkirk – is a large town in the Central Lowlands of Scotland, historically within the county of Stirlingshire.

Fort William – is the second largest settlement in the Highlands of Scotland with around 10,000 inhabitants – and the largest town: only the city of Inverness is larger.

The Great Glen – also known as Glen Albyn (from the Scottish Gaelic Gleann Albainn "Glen of Scotland") or Glen More (from the Scottish Gaelic An Gleann Mòr) is a long and straight glen in Scotland running for 62 miles (100 km) from Inverness on the edge of Moray Firth, to Fort William at the head of Loch Linnhe.

Loch Laggan – is a freshwater loch situated approximately 6.5 mi (10.5 km) to the west of Dalwhinnie in the Scottish Highlands.

Loch Ness – is a large, deep, freshwater loch in the Scottish Highlands extending for approximately 37 kilometres (23 miles) southwest of Inverness. Its surface is 16 metres (52 feet) above sea level. Loch Ness is best known for alleged sightings of the cryptozoological Loch Ness Monster, also known affectionately as "Nessie".